To Kill A Mockingbird Essay - 1219 Words

One person. Two worlds. Impacting the lives of others. Throughout To Kill A Mockingbird, the author Harper Lee, uses the main character, Scout, to demonstrate an idea that as you grow up, you gain greater understanding of the world. For this to be portrayed, Harper Lee brings in the character Calpurnia. Calpurnia is a black woman. A mother figure to Scout. The Finch’s maid and a person that exemplifies moral lessons and themes of the book. Scout views these moments to shape her â€Å"coming of age†. First, throughout the book a common theme was, respecting people s differences. As well as the idea that you are not better or worse than anyone. This is shown in many ways. One way is through Maycomb County’s social hierarchy. In their social†¦show more content†¦So she doesn’t respect the Cunninghams and doesn’t think of Walter as company. Calpurnia responds in dismay, â€Å"Hush your mouth! Don’t matter who they are, anybody sets foot in the house’s yo’ comp’ny, and don’t you let me catch you remarkin’ on their ways like you was so high and mighty!† (33). This shows Calpurnia is someone who treats everyone the same. Just because someone is a different race or has more economic status, does not determine how she will treat you. These quotes are an example of how Scout is learning to look beyond everyone s differences. Everyone has their faults and no one is higher and more powerful than anyone else in M aycomb County. Second, Scout and Jem going to church had a great impact on the book and how they view others. When they went to the First Purchase with Cal, Scout sees how the African American community helps each other. All of them came together to support Tom and his family. They also notice Calpurnia resides in two different worlds. This is expressed by Scout after she gets back from the church. â€Å"That Calpurnia led a modest double life never dawned on me. The idea that she had a separate existence outside our household was a novel one, to say nothing of her having command of two languages† (167). Calpurnia has the ‘white world’ and the ‘black world’. When she is with the Finch’s and part of Maycomb County, she is educated, a mother-figure,Show MoreRelatedTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay892 Words   |  4 PagesLindsey Congdon Mrs. Peterson Period 7 December 1, 2009 To Kill a Mockingbird Essay The Dictionary defines prejudice as, â€Å"an unfavorable opinion or feeling formed beforehand or without knowledge, thought, or reason.† There has been prejudice known throughout history, mostly against the blacks during and before the time of Martin Luther King Jr. In The Secret Life of Bees by Sue Monk Kidd and To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee there is clear evidence of prejudice against the blacks. InRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesContent within Books To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Assignment ENG 1D1 03 Alex Gardner December 2010 Mr. Przemieniecki Inappropriate content within books There are many different books that are studied in schools, but one should be removed from shelves. Students should not be reading about certain subject matters until they are fully invested into that specific subject. Certain inappropriate topics are racism and dated subject matter. The book, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, should beRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay1076 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill A Mockingbird Essay In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird a major theme is the loss of innocence. Whether from emotional abuse, racial prejudice or learning, Boo, Tom, and Scout all lose their innocence in one sense or another. The prejudice that each character endures leads to their loss. Through the responses of Boo, Tom, and Scout, Harper Lee shows how each character responded differently to their loss of innocence. In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird the character of Boo Radley is theRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay1615 Words   |  7 PagesTo Kill A Mocking Bird Essay Wednesday December 19th, 2012 The valuable lessons that Atticus teaches and demonstrates to his children (Jem and Scout) in the novel To Kill a Mocking Bird are very crucial. Atticus teaches Jem and Scout to put themselves into other people’s skin before they pre-judge a person. Atticus also teaches the two children compassion and forgiveness. The children learn an important lesson not to kill a mocking bird during the novel from Atticus. Throughout the novel severalRead MorePrejudice in To Kill a Mockingbird Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: GCSE Coursework The theme of prejudice is central to the novel. A number of characters are discriminated against. Making close reference to the text discuss what you think Harper Lee wants us to learn about society as illustrated in her novel ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ set in 1930’s America. In this essay I will give my opinions on why in ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’, Harper Lee included a lot of prejudice and controversial issues in the 1930’s. Also I will explore the ideasRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay571 Words   |  3 Pagesways in which one is prejudged such as gender, age, race, religion, the way one dresses etc. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird the lesson the author portrait the most was prejudice in the town and how it can happen anywhere and at any time. â€Å"To better understand a person you have to climb up inside their skin and walk around in it.† The quote stated by Atticus in the book, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, is an unveiling of the upcoming times when prejudice is present in the novel. The setting forRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesLearning lessons is a very important part of growing up. Children learn new things every day of their life. Even adults learn something every once in a while. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the character Scout is very adventurous and loves to learn; she has many experiences that lead to her being taught many different things about life. On page 12 of Cliff Notes for this novel, John Sova writes â€Å"each experience is designed to give Scout a further understanding about certain thingsRead MoreThe Mockingbirds in Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay680 Words   |  3 Pagesstore To Kill a Mockingbird is the expression mockin g bird appears in the story lots of times. Also the most significant novel in this whole book is the mockingbird symbol. Another significant part of the story is the definition of a mockingbird and it is a type of Finch, it’s also a small bird who likes to sing. It got the name mockingbird because when it sings it is mocking other birds. (http://www.allfreeessays.com/essays/The-Significance-Of-The-Title-Of/21174.html) The mockingbirds in theRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pagesare many different types of symbols in our world today; in English literature as well as all around us on a day-to-day basis. In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird we follow a little girl, Scout, as she faces the truth about the world and its injustice. The central and most obvious symbol of this novel, as well as the title of the book, is the mockingbird. It represents the innocence and injustice in this story, represented by Tom Robinson and the events surrounding the trial, but also sets the themeRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagesteaching experience for Atticus to provide to Scout and Jem. These laws followed the Southern societal ideas of the separation between races, but also demonstrated a division between a community where individuals held different moral ideas. To Kill a Mockingbird explores human morality from the perception of a six year old child, pro viding a different perspective on important issues of this time period. Scout’s understanding of morality develops from her once simple idea of an individual being either

Gender Roles A Doll s House - 1807 Words

Rabab Abouahmad Dr.K.Zelinksy English 201 Section 09 17 November 2015 Gender roles in A Doll’s House Gender roles are socially constructed and direct a specific group to conform to roles that are expected of them. In A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen draws attention to the roles set towards women during the nineteenth century and demonstrates society’s expectation that women are inferior and dependent on a male figure. In the novel, women are portrayed as being in a vulnerable position, and have no choice in deciding whether or not they want to be in this position. In Patricia Collin’s essay â€Å"Race, Class, and Gender as Categories of Analysis and Connection,† Collin’s emphasizes that â€Å"gender oppression is structured along three main dimensions- the institutional, the symbolic, and the individual† (678). This observation is demonstrated in Ibsen’s novel through Nora and Torvalds’s life which is framed by multiple systems of oppression that are not mutually exclusive. Collin lists the ma sculine attributes that are considered to be superior to feminine attributes; and these qualities are described as men being: â€Å"aggressive, leader, rational, strong, intellectual† (678). Collin then defines the inferior qualities as being the following â€Å"passive, follower, emotional, weak, physical† (678). Collin is correct in the way that she concludes gender differences through observation but fails to provide new insights into gender discrimination. In A Dolls House, Ibsen explores the genderShow MoreRelatedGender Roles Of A Doll s House And Ghosts Essay2281 Words   |  10 PagesGender Roles in A Doll’s House and Ghosts Throughout much of English language literature, gender and sex are equated with specific human traits. Strength is male and weakness is female. Men are stable and women are capricious. Logic is masculine and imagination is feminine. Ibsen uses stereotypical gender attributes in his characterization of Nora and Torvald throughout A Doll House, and then abruptly reverses the stereotypes in the final moments of the play to show that inner strength and weaknessRead MoreGender And Gender Roles Have Radically From The Time Henrick Ibsen s A Doll House1203 Words   |  5 Pages The idea of gender and gender roles have evolved minimally from the time Henrick Ibsen â€Å"A Doll House,† was first published. In the late 1800s, just before the beginning of the first wave of feminism in the United States and Europe, women were looking for ways to gain independence from their â€Å"duty† to marry a man, have children, and live a life to home and yearned for the freedom to choose wh at kind of lives they wanted to live, what they wanted to do, etc. In the beginning of the play, the viewsRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll s House1302 Words   |  6 Pages A Doll s House by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen is a play about the story of Nora Helmer, a childish woman who once borrowed money from a worker named Krogstad for the sole purpose of saving the life of her husband, Torvald Helmer. Her husband treated her like a child throughout their entire marriage due to his gender superiority and due to this treatment she leaves him at the end of the play. Most people view Nora Helmer as a feminist heroine due to her ability to stand up and break free fromRead MoreChanging The World : One Play At A Time1644 Words   |  7 Pagesabout one hundred years ago, gender roles were still very specific and consisted of the man working and supporting the family, and the woman taking care of the home and the family. Women had very little voice in that time and were often treated wit h little respect due to the cultural norm that men were superior. Two historically influential plays that were written during the birth of feminism are quintessential to the rise of free expression among women. A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen, and TriflesRead MoreToys Are Not Pop Out Of The Womb With Ideas Of Gender Roles797 Words   |  4 PagesChildren do not pop out of the womb with ideas of gender roles, nor do they have any expectations about their future careers. It is of interest to many that the gender stereotypes and gender roles seen in toys marketed for children highly resembles those seen in adult life. At an early age, many children, especially those in the western world, have already developed ideas about careers and lifestyles suitable for boys or girls. It is obvious that these ideas can be learned through interactions withRead MoreA Woman s Prison By Henrik Ibsen Essay1410 Words   |  6 PagesPrison Ibsen’s pla y, A Doll’s House immediately encountered a spectrum of reactions--ranging from strong support to harsh criticism--following its premier in 1879. Controversy came about over Nora’s role as an independent woman who makes her own decisions. The public’s immediate response to Ibsen’s play reflects the shift occurring within society, centered on gender roles and women’s place in the mid to late 19th century. Ibsen’s portrayal of women through Nora’s role explores the ideas of equalityRead MoreHenrik Ibsen Thesis Paper1049 Words   |  5 Pagesstressed by one of the mid to late 1800 s best problem play authors, Henrik Ibsen. Ibsen spend most of his writing career exploring the human mind. He had a passion for the truth, and due to this he conveyed his thoughts through writing. His time period offered many scenarios for him to write about which still apply to today s society. One of these scenarios is the societal roles that given to people. Ibsen stressed the importance of societal and gender roles in his writing, hopin g to convey his messagesRead MoreA Doll s House : Henrik Ibsen962 Words   |  4 PagesDrama Analysis A Doll’s House (Henrik Ibsen) And Trifles (Susan Glaspell) In comparing both dramas, the overwhelming aspect of convergence between both is the open discussion of gender identity. Both dramas make similar points about what it means to be a woman. Modern society in both dramas is constructed with men holding power over women. This is seen in Trifles in how men like George Henderson and Mr. Hale are myopic. The premise of the drama is how women worry over trifles, and the dismissiveRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House1288 Words   |  6 PagesHuman rights are women s rights, and women s rights are human rights, says Hilary Clinton. The message was clearly portrayed in the famous literary work of 1879 in, â€Å"A doll house† by Henrik Ibsen in artistic way. Henrik Ibsen brings up one of the aspects of gender role and society norms as it was during the nineteenth century. The ideology in the nineteenth century of Norway’s was that men are hypothesized to be a breadwinner, where women need to take care of their children and stay ho me. IbsenRead More Societal Views of Women in the Victorian Era in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House887 Words   |  4 PagesVictorian Era in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House A Doll’s House, by Henrik Ibsen, creates a peephole into the lives of a family in the Victorian Era. The play portrays a female viewpoint in a male-dominated society. The values of the society are described using the actions of a woman, Nora, who rebels against the injustices inflicted upon her gender. Women’s equality with men was not recognized by society in the late 1800’s. Rather, a woman was considered a doll, a child, and a servant. Nora’s alienation

Gap Inc Financial Statement Analysis LR - 1493 Words

Financial Statement Analysis for Gap Inc. Company Background Gap Inc. is a leading global apparel retail company offering apparel, accessories, and personal care products for men, women, and children under the Gap, Banana Republic, Old Navy, Piperlime, Athleta, and Intermix brands. Having distinct brands across multiple channels and countries allows Gap Inc. a strong competitive advantage. The company currently has 375 stores in 41 countries. Products are also online through Company-owned websites. Merchandise is purchased from more than 1,000 vendors having factories in approximately 40 countries. No vendor accounted for more than 5 percent of total purchases in 2013 and approximately 98 percent of purchases are from outside the United†¦show more content†¦The next set of ratios evaluate solvency, which is the company’s ability to meet its long-term obligations. The first ratio, times interest earned, represents a margin of protections for creditors. Gap Inc. generated $35.23 in income for each $1 of interest expense, which increased quite substantially from 2011 and 2012. The next ratio to evaluate for Gap Inc. is the debt-to-equity ratio, which decreased from 1.69 in 2011 to 1.56 in 2013. This tells us that Gap Inc. has $1.69 in liabilities for every $1 in stockholders’ equity. Gap Inc. v. J. Crew Group One of Gap Inc.’s biggest competitors is J. Crew Group because they have similar branding strategies and product offerings. J. Crew Group is an internationally recognized brand that offers apparel and accessories and differentiates itself through high standards of quality, style, design, and fabrics. The company operates stores and websites both domestically and internationally, and designs, sells, and markets products under the J. Crew, Crewcuts, and Madewell brands. Their customer base includes people who are affluent, college-educated, professional, and fashion conscious. They operate a total of 451 stores located in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. By comparing the profitability of the two major international retailers, we see that J. Crew Group has a lower return on assets at an average of 5% for 2011-2013 compared to Gap Inc., which has an average ROA of 16% forShow MoreRelated7-Eleven8138 Words   |  33 Pagesresearch projects. Case Study: an in-depth description of a firm’s approach to an IT management issue (intended for MBA and executive education). Technical Research Report: a traditional academically rigorous research paper with detailed methodology, analysis, findings and references. About the Center for Information Systems Research CISR MISSION CISR was founded in 1974 and has a strong track record of practice based research on the management of information technology. 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Education DevelopmentRead MoreArticle: Performance Appraisal and Performance Management35812 Words   |  144 Pages6|Page IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSRJBM) ISSN: 2278-487X Volume 3, Issue 5 (Sep,-Oct. 2012), PP 07-12 www.iosrjournals.org Studies on the implementation of System Application Product (SAP) Materials Management (MM Module) for financial support in Sugar cane cultivation 1,2 S. Chandraju1, B. Raviprasad2, C. S. Chidan Kumar3 Department of Studies in Sugar Technology,Sir M. Vishweshwaraya Post graduate Center, University of Mysore, Tubinskere - 571402,Mandya, Karnataka, IndiaRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrate

Auditing and Assurance Services Integrated Approach

Question: Discuss about the Auditing and Assurance Services for Integrated Approach. Answer: Introduction: Auditing is the verification of accounts and it includes the activity of examining and inspecting of the process and the system to ensure that they are in compliance to the requirements. The report prepared by the auditor is the integral element for the audited financial statements of the business. The process of auditing should be performed by the auditors by integrating the principles, rules and regulations of Generally accepted accounting principles. The auditors issue two types of audit report after performing the audit process that is qualified and unqualified audit report (Alvin et al. 2014). The auditors present the qualified audit report when they have not dealt with all the issues and there is a limitation in the audit work. The qualified opinion of the auditors conclude that the financial information is limited in scope and company has not appropriately maintained the GAAP principles. On the other hand, in the qualified audit report the auditors conclude that the business p resents its financial statements fairly in all the material aspects. The auditors has the responsibility of maintaining the certain aspects when performing the audit operation of the company (Arens et al. 2012). In the given case study, King and queen being the auditor of Impulse Pty ltd has presented the unqualified audit report for the year ended 30th June, 2012. Impulse Pty Ltd was suffering from the liquidity problems as there was a drop in the inventory turnover and debtors turnover. The company was running out of liquid assets. The above facts was well known to the King and Queen and despite this it did not take any additional audit regarding the valuation of these assets. No additional work was conducted for valuing the inventory and debtors which shows that auditors has not fairly presented its report (Beasley et al. 2012). The Impulse Pty Ltd was granted a huge amount of loan for its working capital from the finance company, Easy Finance Limited. The loan was provided on the basis of unqualified report issued by the auditors, which stated that the financial position of the company is sound. The company liquidated in December and the firm was unable to recover the loan amount and thi s was due to the negligence of auditor. The company did not make any adequate provision for the fall in the inventory value and regarding the doubtful debts. This is the case of Negligence of the auditors responsibility as the auditors did not consider the important aspect of the financial position of the company (Crous et al. 2012). The EFL provided the loan on the basis of the audit opinion and therefore, King and queen would be liable to Easy Finance Limited. The specific case reference relating to the above answer is provided by the given case. The case that can be considered for this purpose is the case of Hedley Byrne and Co Ltd v Heller and Partners (1964) AC 465. The negligence of the auditors impacted the company being audited. The court stated that the audit report would have an impact on the decision making process of the parties being audited (Eilifsen et al. 2013). Another case is about the auditing done by KPMG. The case of Law Society vs. KPMG Peat Marwick and Others; CHD 3 NOV, 1999. The auditing firm was very well aware that the compensation fund of the society would depend on the auditors decision. The malpractices in the accounting could not be discovered early because of auditors negligence. The auditor was held liable for neglecting his professional responsibility (Glover et al. 2014). The above two case discussed that the negligence of the responsibility of the auditors is a serious offend which damages the reputation of the organization being audited as well as hamper the third party. The loan provider that is EFL informing the King and Queen about the loan advancement made on the basis of the audited report prepared by the auditor. In this case, it is required to consider two different situation where the answer will be different based on the audited party consent. There is a need to maintain the confidentiality between the auditor and the audited party. The auditors cannot disclose any information to the third party as per the policy concerning confidentiality (Hayes et al. 2014). However, in special case, the auditors can disclose the information to the third party if it is instructed by the company being audited. The report of the auditor forms the basis of receiving the loan. The King and queen would be held liable to EFL if the Impulse has instructed the auditors to disclose the audited information. If the King and Queen do not disclose the information, then they would not held liable to EFL. On the other hand, if the King and Queen was not instructed to disclose any of its confidential information to the third party, then the auditing company cannot be held liable to the third party (Louwers et al. 2013). If the King and queen do not disclose the information about the financial position of the company as instructed by impulse Pty Ltd, then it cannot be held liable to EFL. The disclosing of the internal information would also be against the GAAP regulations and in this regard, Kind and Queen would not be held liable to EFL. The independence of the external and internal auditors from the parties having the financial interest in the business of firm which is being audited refers to the auditors independence. Independence is regarded as the cornerstone of every audit being conducted. An auditor is regarded as an independent when he does not have any dependency on the clients and is not under any undue influence. There are two types of auditors independence that is discussed below: Actual independence Actual independence is the real independence and it mainly concern the way of dealing in the specific situation and the state of mind of auditors. The auditors who are actually independent is capable of making the independent decisions even if the auditors is placed in a comprising situation by the directors of the company there is a perceived lack of independence. The auditors might face many situations where if would have to compromise with the principle of effective auditing. The actual independence will help the auditors in taking the effective decisions in many compromising situation. The actual independence is essential to achieve the goal of independence (Messier 2016). The independence is needed to assure and validate the reliability and credibility of the financial statements that are being audited. The principle of actual independence needs to be maintained to value the opinion made on the financial statements by the auditors. Actual independence is regarded to be straight forward for the accountant who is across the requirements. This helps the auditors to perform the task in a very objective manner. The opinion of the audit would not be influenced as the actual independence are expected to give an unbiased and honest opinion on the financial statements (Moroney et al. 2014). Perceived independence Perceived independence is the perception of the auditors in solving and tackling with the different problems of the process of auditing. In other words, it can be said that it is the view point of the auditors and the way the auditors perceive various kinds of problems of the audit process. The perceived independence helps in arriving at the optimal solution as the auditors perceives different solutions to a single problems. The perceived independence cannot be judged using any particular process because the perception varies from auditors to auditors. It is the area where the shade of grey creeps into the world of audit. The professional judgment comes to the fore where the arrangement are perceive differently by users. As per the guiding principle, perceived independence is the consideration of the auditor independent form the client by the third party looking into the arrangement (Reding et al. 2013). The auditors facing the issue of the perceive independence, then materiality is the appropriate consideration. In the scenario one, Bob is an audit assistant of Club Casino and at the same time he is undertaking university studies. Bob needs to complete the assignment of University and he came across certain financial information which would assist him in completing the assignment. The act of copying the information by Bob and using in the assignment by removing all the references is an act of breaching the fundamental principles of confidentiality. According to the confidentiality principle, the auditor should respect the confidentiality of information which is acquired as a result of business relationship and it should not be disclosed without any specific authority (Redmayne 2013). By using the financial information of Club casino, Bob has disclosed the information and thus he has breached the principle of confidentiality and integrity. Bob should know the regulation of confidentiality and maintain it. In the second case, Wendy has been the audit partner of Ace limited for quite long time. In the absence of permanent company secretary, Wendy was asked to perform the duties of company secretary for a period of six month. According to the establishes regulations, the entity is required to maintain the professional behavior and it needs to comply with the rules and regulations and should avoid doing any action that would discredits profession (Stuart 2012). As per the section 130, which requires to maintain professional competence and due care. The principles of professional competence imposes the obligation on members to act diligently in accordance with the professional standards when providing the professional services. The entity needs to maintain the skills and professional knowledge to provide the clients with the competent professional service. Appointment of Wendy as the temporary company secretary of the Ace limited audit is breaching the principles of maintaining the profess ional competence (Thibodeau and Freier 2013). The entity is not complying with the fundamental principles and as per the guideline, the act is considered as the offense. Wendy should be immediately removed from the profession of the company secretary. In the third case, Leo is the eldest son of a factor foreman of Precision Machinery Limited and he has been assigned to the auditing of the company. Leo is entitled to test the internal control of the system of cash payments. As per the guidelines of auditing, the employee, son, daughter and relatives of the company cannot become the audit partner of the same company. Precision machinery Limited has breached the regulation. The course of action that needs to be taken is that Leo immediately needs to be removed from the position of the internal auditor (William et al. 2016). Another remedial action that can be taken in the interest of the Precision machinery limited is the removal of father of Leo who is also a member of the entity. Classic Reproduction have not been paying their audit fees to their auditors, Chan and associates. The organization received threat from the audit company if they would not pay their audit fees. The classic reproduction in an attempt to clear off their fees offered new furniture to the Chan and Associates. The furniture was worth only 50% of the outstanding amount of fees and despite this fact, the Chan and Associates accepted the offer. The act of accepting the fees in kind is not morally acceptable on the part of the audit firms. The Classic reproduction also offered 25% of shareholding in an unrelated listed company. The acceptance of shares and being the partner of their client is not considered to be acceptable as this would represent that the audit company has some special interest in the Classic production which might lead to bias judgment. The audit firm would breach the established principles concerning the audit fees and acceptance of furniture and shares would be regarded as unethical and breaching of the fundamental principles (Arens et al. 2013). The course of action that could be taken is that Chan and Associates should not accept furniture as the replacement of fees. The audit firm should not accept the shares of the unrelated listed company. Reference: Alvin A.. Arens, Randal J.. Elder and Mark S.. Beasley, 2014.Auditing and Assurance Services: An Integrated Approach. Pearson education Limited. Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J. and Beasley, M.S., 2012.Auditing and assurance services: an integrated approach. Prentice Hall. Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J. and Beasley, M.S., 2013.Auditing and Assurance Services Plus NEW MyAccountingLab with Pearson EText: Access Card Package. Prentice-Hall. Beasley, M., Elder, R. and Arens, A., 2012. Auditing and assurance services. Crous, C., Lamprecht, J., Eilifsen, A., Messier, W., Glover, S. and Douglas, P., 2012. Auditing and Assurance Services.Berkshire: McGraw-Hill. Eilifsen, A., Messier, W.F., Glover, S.M. and Prawitt, D.F., 2013.Auditing and assurance Glover, S.M., Prawitt, D.F. and Messier, W.F., 2014.Auditing assurance services: a systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Education. Hayes, R., Wallage, P. and Gortemaker, H., 2014.Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing. Pearson Higher Ed. Louwers, T.J., Ramsay, R.J., Sinason, D.H., Strawser, J.R. and Thibodeau, J.C., 2013.Auditing and assurance services. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Messier Jr, W., 2016.Auditing assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Moroney, R., Campbell, F., Hamilton, J. and Warren, V., 2014.Auditing: A Practical Approach. Wiley Global Education. Reding, K.R., Sobel, P.J., Anderson, U.L., Head, M.J., Ramamoorti, S., Salamasick, M. and Riddle, C., 2013.Internal Auditing: Assurance Advisory Services. Redmayne, N.B., 2013. Auditing and Assurance Services and Ethics in Australia: An Integrated Approach.Journal of Accounting Organizational Change. Stuart, I., 2012.Auditing and assurance services: an applied approach. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Thibodeau, J. and Freier, D., 2013.Auditing and accounting cases: Investigating issues of fraud and professional ethics. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. William Jr, M., Glover, S. and Prawitt, D., 2016. Auditing and Assurance Services: A Systematic Approach.Auditing and Assurance Services: A Systematic Approach.